What California expungement under PC 1203.4 is
Penal Code 1203.4 allows a person who has fulfilled the conditions of probation for a misdemeanor or felony to petition the court to withdraw the guilty plea, enter a not guilty plea, and have the case dismissed. The result is a conviction that has been formally dismissed by the court. This benefits the petitioner when applying for most private-sector employment, housing, or licensing, because they can truthfully state that they have not been convicted, the conviction was dismissed. The dismissal appears on the court record alongside a notation that it was dismissed per PC 1203.4, so it is not invisible to all parties, but it carries significant legal weight for most background check contexts.
What expungement does NOT do
Expungement under PC 1203.4 has important limitations that are frequently misunderstood. The DMV driving record is separate from the court record: a DUI expungement does not remove the offense from your DMV record, where it will remain for 10 years from the conviction date and continue to affect insurance rates. Immigration status is not affected, a DUI expungement does not cure immigration consequences of the underlying conviction for non-citizen petitioners. Professional licensing boards (nursing, medical, legal, teaching, real estate) are permitted to consider expunged convictions and often require disclosure. Federal background checks, including those required for federal employment and firearm purchases, still reflect the original conviction. And critically, an expunged DUI still counts as a prior offense for sentencing purposes in any future DUI case.
The probation completion requirement
The threshold requirement for PC 1203.4 expungement is completion of probation or early termination of probation under PC 1203.3, so if you are still on probation you must either wait until it ends or petition separately for early termination. A court considering early termination under PC 1203.3 looks at your compliance record, the amount of probation you have already served, and the circumstances of your DUI case; your DUI program, community service, and other fines imposed as probation conditions still have to be addressed. Restitution is different. Under PC 1203.4(c)(3), added by Assembly Bill 134 and effective July 10, 2023, a PC 1203.4 petition cannot be denied because a restitution order or restitution fine remains unpaid, and unpaid restitution cannot be used by itself to say you did not complete probation.
A probation violation in your case may involve a missed check-in, failed test, or new offense. That does not automatically bar relief. Instead, it can move your petition onto the discretionary interest of justice route under PC 1203.4(a)(1), and your violation may be worth addressing with the court of conviction, but it is not a separate precondition to PC 1203.4 relief. PC 1203.4(a)(1) has three routes: completion of probation for the full period, discharge before the period ended, or discretionary relief in the interest of justice in any other case.
The filing process
The expungement petition is filed in the court of conviction, typically in the criminal division of the superior court for the county where the DUI was prosecuted. The petition is served on the district attorney's office, which has the opportunity to object, though misdemeanor DUI expungements are routinely unopposed when all requirements are met. Felony expungements may face more scrutiny, particularly for DUI causing injury. Once filed, the process typically takes four to eight weeks to schedule a hearing and obtain a ruling. Court filing fees apply, and an attorney can often handle the petition without requiring you to appear in court.